Publications | By Topic

Decisions Under Risk and Ambiguity | Articles

Beware of black swans: taking stock of the description-experience gap in decision under uncertainty.

de Palma, A., Abdellaoui, M., Attanasi, G., Ben-Akiva, M., Fehr-Duda, H., Erev, I., Fok, D., Fox, C.R., Hertwig, R., Picard, N., Wakker, P.P., Walker, J.L. & Weber, M. (2014). Marketing Letters, 25, 269-280.

Subjective knowledge in consumer financial decision making.

Hadar, L., Sood, S., and Fox, C.R. (2013). Journal of Marketing Research, 50, 303-316.

Decreasing ventromedial prefrontal cortex activity during sequential risk-taking: an fMRI investigation of the Balloon Analogue Risk Task.

Schonberg, T., Fox, C.R., Mumford, J.A., Congdon, E., Trepel, C. and Poldrack, R.A. (2012). Frontiers in Neuroscience, 6, 80.

doi: 10.3389/fnins.2012.00080.

The elusive search for stable risk preferences.

Fox, C.R., and Tannenbaum, D. (2011). Frontiers in Psychology, 2, 298. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2011.00298

Mind the gap: bridging economic and naturalistic risk-taking with cognitive neuroscience.

Schonberg, T., Fox, C.R., and Poldrack, R.A. (2011). Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 15, 11-19.

Information asymmetry in decision from description versus decision from experience.

Hadar, L. and Fox, C.R. (2009). Judgment and Decision Making, 4, 317-325.

Mistaken identity: activating conservative political identities induces “conservative” financial decisions.

Morris, M.W., Carranza, E., and Fox, C.R. (2008). Psychological Science, 19, 1154-1160.

The neural basis of loss aversion in decision making under risk.

Tom, S., Fox, C.R., Trepel, C. and Poldrack, R.A. (2007). Science, 315, 515-518.

Decisions from experience = sampling error + prospect theory: Reconsidering
Hertwig, Barron, Weber & Erev (2004).

Fox, C.R. and Hadar, L. (2006). Judgment and Decision Making, 1, 159-161.

Prospect theory on the brain? Toward a cognitive neuroscience of decision under risk.

Trepel, C., Fox, C.R., and Poldrack, R.A.. (2005). Cognitive Brain Research, 23, 34-50.

Typical versus atypical unpacking and superadditive probability judgment.

Sloman, S., Rottenstreich, Y., Wisniewski, E., Hadjichristidis, C., and Fox, C.R. (2004). Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory &
Cognition, 30, 573-582.

Ambiguity aversion, comparative ignorance, and decision context.

Fox, C.R., and Weber, M. (2002). Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 88, 476-498.

Strength of evidence, judged probability, and choice under uncertainty.

Fox, C.R. (1999). Cognitive Psychology, 38, 167-189.

A belief-based account of decision under uncertainty.

Fox, C.R., and Tversky, A. (1998). Management Science, 44, 879-895.

Reprinted in D. Kahneman & A. Tversky, Eds. (2000). Choices, Values, and Frames. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.

Reprinted in E.Shafir (Ed). (2004). Preference, Belief, and Similarity: Selected Writings of Amos Tversky. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Options traders exhibit subadditive decision weights.

Fox, C.R., B.A. Rogers, and Tversky, A. (1996). Journal of Risk and Uncertainty, 13, 5-17.

Ambiguity aversion and comparative ignorance.

Fox, C.R., and Tversky, A. (1995). Quarterly Journal of Economics, 110, 585-603.

Weighing risk and uncertainty.

Tversky, A., and Fox, C.R. (1995). Psychological Review, 102, 269-283.

Reprinted in D. Kahneman & A. Tversky, Eds. (2000). Choices, Values, and Frames. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.

Reprinted in E.Shafir (Ed). (2004). Preference, Belief, and Similarity: Selected Writings of Amos Tversky. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Reprinted in D. Kahneman & A. Tversky, Eds. (2000). Choices, Values, and Frames. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.

Reprinted in E.Shafir (Ed). (2004). Preference, Belief, and Similarity: Selected Writings of Amos Tversky. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Decisions Under Risk and Ambiguity | Book Chapters

Decision under risk: From the field to the lab and back. Chapter in G. Keren & G. Wu (Eds.).

Fox, C.R., Erner, C. & Walters, D. (2016). Handbook of Judgment and Decision Making. New York: Wiley.

Prospect theory and the brain. Chapter in Glimcher, P., Fehr, E. (Eds).

Fox, C.R., and Poldrack, R.A. (2014). Handbook of Neuroeconomics (2nd Edition, revised & updated). New York: Elsevier.

Prospect theory and the brain. Chapter in Glimcher, P., Camerer, C., Fehr, E. & Poldrack, R. (Eds).

Fox, C.R., and Poldrack, R.A. (2008). Handbook of Neuroeconomics. New York: Elsevier.

Belief and preference in decision under uncertainty. Chapter in D. Hardman and L. Macchi (Eds.)

Fox, C.R. and See, K.E. (2003). Thinking: Current Perspectives on Reasoning, Judgment, and Decision Making. (Hoboken, NJ:
Wiley).

Decisions Under Risk and Ambiguity | Working Papers

The influence of incidental affect on risky choice.

Hofree, G., Erner, C. Fox, C.R., Kutson, B. & Winkielman, P. Working Paper.

Data, belief, and preferences in decision under uncertainty.

Hadar, L. and Fox, C.R. Working Paper, Interdisciplinary Center, Herziliya.

Bias in allocation among risky and uncertain prospects: Partition-dependence,

unit-dependence, and procedure-dependence.

Langer, T., and Fox, C.R. Working Paper, University of Muenster.

Unpacking decision weights in decision from description and experience.

Fox, C.R., Long, A, & Hadar, L., Erner, C. Manuscript in preparation, UCLA Anderson School.

Individual differences in objective and subjective consumer financial well-being.

Erner, C., Fox, C.R., Chalekian, J.S., De La Rosa, G., and Trepel, C. Working Paper.

Likelihood Judgement | Articles

Known unknowns: a critical determinant of confidence and calibration.

Walters, D.J., Fernbach, P.M., Fox, C.R. & Sloman, S.A. (2017). Management Science, 63, 4298-4307.

Judgment extremity and accuracy under epistemic vs. aleatory uncertainty.

Tannenbaum, D., Fox, C.R., & Ülkümen, G. (2017). Management Science, 63, 497-518.

The surprising relationship between indecisiveness and impulsivity.

Barkley-Levenson, E.E. & Fox, C.R. (2016). Personality & Individual Differences, 90, 1-6.

How psychological framing affects economic market prices in the lab and field.

Sonnemann, U., Camerer, C.F., Fox, C.R., and Langer, T. (2013). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 110, 11779-11784. (Finalist for 2014 Exeter Prize for best paper published previous year in Experimental/Behavioral Economics and Decision Theory).

The team scaling fallacy: underestimating the declining efficiency of larger teams.

Staats, B.R., Milkman, K.L., and Fox, C.R. (2012). Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 118, 132-142.

Information asymmetry in decision from description versus decision from experience.

Hadar, L. and Fox, C.R. (2009). Judgment and Decision Making, 4, 317-325.

Contrasting stochastic and support theory explanations for subadditivity.

Bearden, J.N, Wallsten, T.S., and Fox, C.R. (2007). Journal of Mathematical Psychology, 51, 229-241.

Between ignorance and truth: partition dependence and learning in judgment under uncertainty.

See, K.E., Fox, C.R., and Rottenstreich, Y. (2006). Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory and Cognition, 32, 1385-1402.

The availability heuristic in the classroom: how soliciting more criticism can boost your course ratings.

Fox, C.R. (2006). Judgment and Decision Making, 1, 86-90.

Subjective probability assessment in decision analysis: partition dependence and bias toward the ignorance prior.

Fox, C.R. and Clemen, R.T. (2005). Management Science, 51, 1417-1432. (Named Best Publication in Decision Analysis 2005, INFORMS).

Partition-edit-count: naïve extensional reasoning in conditional probability judgment.

Fox, C.R. and Levav, J. (2004). Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 133, 626-642.

Typical versus atypical unpacking and superadditive probability judgment.

Sloman, S., Rottenstreich, Y., Wisniewski, E., Hadjichristidis, C., and Fox, C.R. (2004). Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory &
Cognition, 30, 573-582.

Partition priming in judgment under uncertainty.

Fox, C.R. and Rottenstreich, Y. (2003). Psychological Science, 14(3), 195–200. doi.org/10.1111/1467-9280.02431

Forecasting trial outcomes: Lawyers assign higher probabilities to scenarios that are described in greater detail.

Fox, C.R. and Birke, R. (2002). Law and Human Behavior, 26, 159-173.

Familiarity bias and belief reversal in relative likelihood judgment.

Fox, C.R., and Levav, J. (2000). Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 82, 268-292.

Strength of evidence, judged probability, and choice under uncertainty.

Fox, C.R. (1999). Cognitive Psychology, 38, 167-189.

Positive illusions and forecasting errors in mutual fund investment decisions.

Moore, D.A., Kurtzberg, T., Fox , C.R. and Bazerman, M. (1999). Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 2, 95-114.

The role of context in the communication of uncertain beliefs.

Fox, C.R., and Irwin, J.R. (1998). Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 20, 57-70.

Reprinted in D. Kahneman & A. Tversky, Eds. (2000). Choices, Values, and Frames. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.

Reprinted in E.Shafir (Ed). (2004). Preference, Belief, and Similarity: Selected Writings of Amos Tversky. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Options traders exhibit subadditive decision weights.

Fox, C.R., B.A. Rogers, and Tversky, A. (1996). Journal of Risk and Uncertainty, 13, 5-17.

Weighing risk and uncertainty.

Tversky, A., and Fox, C.R. (1995). Psychological Review, 102, 269-283.

Reprinted in D. Kahneman & A. Tversky, Eds. (2000). Choices, Values, and Frames. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.

Reprinted in E.Shafir (Ed). (2004). Preference, Belief, and Similarity: Selected Writings of Amos Tversky. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Correlations, causes, and heuristics in surveys of life satisfaction.

Fox, C.R., and Kahneman, D. (1992). Social Indicators Research, 28, 221-234.

Likelihood Judgement | Book Chapters

Belief and preference in decision under uncertainty. Chapter in D. Hardman

and L. Macchi (Eds.)

Fox, C.R. and See, K.E. (2003). Thinking: Current Perspectives on Reasoning, Judgment, and Decision Making. (Hoboken, NJ:
Wiley).

Likelihood Judgement | Working Papers

The construction of absolute versus relative belief.

Fox, C.R., and Levav, J. Working Paper, UCLA Anderson School.

A belief-based account of decision under uncertainty.

Fox, C.R., and Tversky, A. (1998). Management Science, 44, 879-895.

Variants of Uncertainty | Articles

Known unknowns: a critical determinant of confidence and calibration.

Walters, D.J., Fernbach, P.M., Fox, C.R. & Sloman, S.A. (2017). Management Science, 63, 4298-4307.

Comment on Løhre & Teigen, “There is a 60% probability, but I am 70% certain:
Communicative consequences of external and internal expressions of uncertainty”.

Fox, C.R. & Ülkümen, G. (2017). Thinking & Reasoning, 23, 483-491.

Judgment extremity and accuracy under epistemic vs. aleatory uncertainty.

Tannenbaum, D., Fox, C.R., & Ülkümen, G. (2017). Management Science, 63, 497-518.

Two dimensions of subjective uncertainty: clues from natural language.

Ülkümen, G., Fox, C.R., & Malle, B.F. (2016). Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 145, 1280-1297. (Named Best Publication in Decision Analysis 2016, INFORMS).

Variants of Uncertainty | Book Chapters

Distinguishing two dimensions of uncertainty. Chapter 1 in Brun, W., Keren, G.,

Kirkebøen, G. & Montgomery, H. (Eds.).

Fox, C.R. and Ülkümen, G. (2011). Perspectives on Thinking, Judging, and Decision Making. Oslo: Universitetsforlaget.

Variants of Uncertainty | Working Papers

Lay beliefs about changes in financial well-being predict political and policy message preferences.

Krijnen, J. M. T., Bogard, J.E., Ülkümen, G., & Fox, C. R. Working Paper, AFM.

Investment behaviors under epistemic versus aleatory uncertainty.

Walters, D.J., Ülkümen, G., Erner, C., Tannenbaum, D. & Fox, C.R. Working Paper, INSEAD.

The Epistemic-Aleatory Rating Scale (EARS) in judgment and choice.

Fox, C.R., Tannenabaum, D., Ülkümen, G., Walters, D. & Erner, C. Manuscript in preparation, UCLA Anderson School.

Ambiguity aversion is aversion to epistemic uncertainty.

Fox, C.R., Goedde-Menke, M. & Tannenbaum, D. Working paper, UCLA Anderson School of Management.

Partition Dependence | Articles

How psychological framing affects economic market prices in the lab and field.

Corporate capital allocation: A behavioral perspective.

Bardolet, D., Fox, C.R. and Lovallo, D. (2011). Strategic Management Journal, 32, 1465-1483.

Between ignorance and truth: Partition dependence and learning in judgment under uncertainty.

See, K.E., Fox, C.R., and Rottenstreich, Y. (2006). Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory and Cognition, 32, 1385-1402.

How subjective grouping of options influences choice and allocation: Diversification bias

and the phenomenon of partition dependence.

Fox, C.R., Ratner, R.K., and Lieb, D. (2005). Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 134, 538-551.

Subjective probability assessment in decision analysis: Partition dependence

and bias toward the ignorance prior.

Fox, C.R. and Clemen, R.T. (2005). Management Science, 51, 1417-1432. (Named Best Publication in Decision Analysis 2005, INFORMS).

Partition-edit-count: Naïve extensional reasoning in conditional probability judgment.

Fox, C.R. and Levav, J. (2004). Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 133, 626-642.

Partition Priming in Judgment Under Uncertainty.

Fox, C.R. and Rottenstreich, Y. (2003). Psychological Science, 14(3), 195–200. doi.org/10.1111/1467-9280.02431

Partition Dependence | Book Chapters

Partition dependence in decision analysis, managerial decision making, and consumer choice. Chapter in R. Zwick, R. & A. Rapoport (Eds.).

Fox, C.R., Bardolet, D., and Lieb, D. (2005). Experimental Business Research. Volume III (Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer).

Partition Dependence | Working Papers

Bias in allocation among risky and uncertain prospects: Partition-dependence,

unit-dependence, and procedure-dependence.

Langer, T., and Fox, C.R. Working Paper, University of Muenster.

Partitioning option menus to nudge single-item choice.

Tannenbaum, D. & Fox, C.R.. & Goldstein, N.J. Working Paper.

Health Nudging | Articles

Impact of a patient-centered behavioral economics intervention on hypertension
control in a highly disadvantaged population: A randomized trial.

Shapiro, M.F., Shu, S.B., Goldstein, N.J., Victor, R.G., Fox, C.R., Tseng, C.-H., Vangala, S., Mogler, B.K., Reed, S.B.,
Villa, E. & Escarce, J.J. (2020). Journal of General Internal Medicine, 35, 70-78.

Effects of behavioral interventions on inappropriate antibiotic prescribing among primary care 12 months after stopping interventions.

Linder, J.A., Meeker, D., Fox, C.R., Friedberg, M.W., Persell, S.D., Goldstein, N.J., & Doctor, J.N. (2017). JAMA (Journal of the American Medical Association), 318, 1391-1392.

Impact of a risk calculator on risk perception and surgical decision-making: A randomized trial.

Sacks, G.D., Dawes, A.J., Ettner, S.L., Brook, R.H., Fox, C.R., Russell, M.M., Ko, C.Y., & Maggard-Gibbons, M. (2016). Annals of Surgery, 264, 889-895.

Surgeon perception of risk and benefit in the decision to operate.

Sacks, G.D., Dawes, A.J., Ettner, S.L., Brook, R.H., Fox, C.R., Maggard-Gibbons, M., Ko, C.Y., & Russell, M.M. (2016). Annals of Surgery, 264, 896-903.

Effect of behavioral interventions on inappropriate antibiotic prescribing among primary care practices: A randomized clinical trial.

Meeker, D., Linder, J.A., Fox, C.R., Friedberg, M.W., Persell, S.D., Goldstein, N.J., Knight, T.K., Hay, J.W. & Doctor, J.N. (2016). JAMA (Journal of the American Medical Association), 315, 562-570. (Named Best Publication in Behavioral Policy, 2016-18, Behavioral Science & Policy Association).

Behavioral interventions to reduce inappropriate antibiotic prescribing: A randomized pilot trial.

Persell, S.D., Doctor, J.N., Friedberg, M.W., Meeker, D., Friesema, E., Cooper, A., Haryani, A., Gregory, D.L., Fox, C.R., Goldstein, N.J. & Linder, J.A. (2016). BMC Infectious Diseases, 16(1), 373.

Nudging physician decisions by partitioning the order set: Results of a vignette-based
study.

Tannenbaum, D., Doctor, J.N., Persell, S.D., Friedberg, M.W., Meeker, D., Friesema, B.A., Goldstein, N.J., Linder, J.A. & Fox, C.R. (2015). Journal of General Internal Medicine, 30, 298-304. doi:10.1007/s11606-014-3051-2

Time of day and the decision to prescribe antibiotics.

Linder, J.A., Doctor, J.N., Friedberg, M.W., Reyes, N.H., Birks, C., Meeker, D. & Fox, C.R. (2014). JAMA Internal Medicine, 174, 2029-2031.
doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2014.5225

Nudging guideline-concordant antibiotic prescribing: A randomized trial.

Meeker, D., Knight, T.K., Friedberg, M.W., Linder, J.A., Goldstein, N.J., Fox, C.R., Rothfeld, A., Dias, G. and Doctor, J.N. (2014). JAMA Internal Medicine, 174, 425-431.

Use of behavioral economics and social psychology to improve treatment of acute respiratory infections (BEARI): rationale and design of a cluster randomized control trial [1RC4AG039115-01] – study protocol and baseline practice and provider characteristics.

Persell, S.D., Friedberg, M.W., Meeker, D., Linder, J.A., Fox, C.R., Goldstein, N.J., Shah, P.D., Knight, T.K. and Doctor, J.N. (2013). BMC Infectious Diseases, 13(1), 290. doi:10.1186/1471-2334-13-290

Can new tools from behavioral economics and social psychology help control chronic disease?

Mogler, B.K., Shu, S.B., Fox, C.R., Goldstein, N.J., Victor, R.G., Escarce, Jose J. and Shapiro, M.F. (2013). Journal of General Internal Medicine, 28. 711-718.

Health Nudging | Working Papers

Details matter: anticipating when nudging clinicians will succeed or fail.

Fox, C.R., Doctor, J.N., Goldstein, N.J., Meeker, D., Persell, S., & Linder, J.A. Working Paper.

The influence of patient preference on surgeons’ treatment recommendations.

Sacks, G., Dawes, A.J., Ettner, S.L., Brook, R.H., Maggard-Gibbons, M., Ko, C.Y., & Russell, M.M. & Fox, C.R. Working paper, UCLA Geffen School of Medicine.

Choice Architecture & Behavioral Policy | Articles

Social mobilization.

Rogers, T., Goldstein, N.J. & Fox, C.R. (2018). Social mobilization. Annual Review of Psychology, 69, 357-381

Choice architecture 2.0: Choice architecture as an implicit social interaction.

Krijnen, J.M.T., Tannenbaum, D., & Fox, C.R. (2017). Behavioral Science & Policy, 3, 1-18.

On the misplaced politics of behavioral policy interventions.

Tannenbaum, D., Fox, C.R. & Rogers, T. (2017). Nature Human Behavior, 1, 130.

Bridging the divide between behavioral science and policy.

Fox, C.R. & Sitkin, S. (2015). Behavioral Science & Policy, 1, 1-12.

Political extremism is supported by an illusion of understanding.

Fernbach, P.M., Rogers, T., Fox, C.R., and Sloman, S.A. (2013). Psychological Science, 24, 939-946.

Beyond nudges: tools of a choice architecture.

Johnson, E.J., Shu, S., Dellaert, B.G.C., Fox, C., Goldstein, D.G., Hauble, G., Larrick, R.P., Payne, J., Peters, E., Schkade, D., Wansink, B., and Weber, E.U. (2012). Marketing Letters, 23, 487-504.

Choice Architecture & Behavioral Policy | Book Chapters

Rethinking why people vote: Voting as dynamic social expression. Chapter in Shafir, E. (Ed.)

Rogers, T., Fox, C.R., and Gerber, A.S. (2013). The Behavioral Foundations of Public Policy. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.

Choice Architecture & Behavioral Policy | Working Papers

Lay beliefs about changes in financial well-being predict political and policy message preferences.

Krijnen, J. M. T., Bogard, J.E., Ülkümen, G., & Fox, C. R. Working Paper, AFM.

Subjective knowledge attenuates default effects.

Hadar, L., Tannenbaum, D. & Fox, C.R. Working paper, Interdisciplinary Center, Herzliya.

Financial Decision Making | Articles

How psychological framing affects economic market prices in the lab and field.

Subjective knowledge in consumer financial decision making.

Hadar, L., Sood, S., and Fox, C.R. (2013). Journal of Marketing Research, 50, 303-316.

Corporate capital allocation: A behavioral perspective.

Bardolet, D., Fox, C.R. and Lovallo, D. (2011). Strategic Management Journal, 32, 1465-1483.

Ambiguity aversion, comparative ignorance, and decision context.

Fox, C.R., and Weber, M. (2002). Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 88, 476-498.

Moore, D.A., Kurtzberg, T., Fox , C.R. and Bazerman, M. (1999). Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 2, 95-114.

Ambiguity aversion and comparative ignorance.

Fox, C.R., and Tversky, A. (1995). Quarterly Journal of Economics, 110, 585-603.

Financial Decision Making | Working Papers

Investment behaviors under epistemic versus aleatory uncertainty.

Walters, D. J., Ülkümen, G., Erner, C., Tannenbaum, D., & Fox, C. R. (2019). Working Paper, INSEAD.

Debt aversion: anomalous in theory, advantageous in practice.

Walters, D.J., Emer, C., Fox, C.R., Trepel, C., Scholten, M, and Read, D. Working Paper.

Individual differences in objective and subjective consumer financial well-being.

Erner, C., Fox, C.R., Chalekian, J.S., De La Rosa, G., and Trepel, C. Working Paper.

A diagnosis of attitude towards debt.

Scholten, M., Walters, D.J., Emer, C., Read, D., and Fox, C.R. Working paper, Universidade Europeia, Lisbon.

Bias in allocation among risky and uncertain prospects: Partition-dependence,

unit-dependence, and procedure-dependence.

Langer, T., and Fox, C.R. Working Paper, University of Muenster.

Positive illusions and forecasting errors in mutual fund investment decisions.

Options traders exhibit subadditive decision weights.

Fox, C.R., B.A. Rogers, and Tversky, A. (1996). Journal of Risk and Uncertainty, 13, 5-17.

Reprinted in D. Kahneman & A. Tversky, Eds. (2000). Choices, Values, and Frames. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.

Reprinted in E.Shafir (Ed). (2004). Preference, Belief, and Similarity: Selected Writings of Amos Tversky. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Other Research

The surprising relationship between indecisiveness and impulsivity.

Barkley-Levenson, E.E. & Fox, C.R. (2016). Personality & Individual Differences, 90, 1-6.

Other Research | Book Chapters

Negotiation within and between organizations. Levels of analysis.

Thompson, L.L., and Fox C.R. (2001). Chapter in M.E. Turner (Ed.), Groups at Work: Advances in Theory and Research (Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum).

Other Research | Working Papers

Loss aversion for Time and Money.

Fox, C.R., Walters, D.J. Scholten, M. & Read, D. L. Working paper.